Pengabdian Masyarakat

DESA / KELOMPOK BINAAN	LOKASI	KEGIATAN PENGMAS	TAHUN
Aeng Dake	Kabupaten Sumenep	Pelatihan teknik budidaya rumput laut (Echeuma cotonii) dengan metode longline dan pengenalan secara dini penyakit ice-ice di Desa Aengdake, Bluto, Sumenep	2017
		Pengembangan produk dodol rumput laut sebagai diversifikasi olahan rumput laut di Desa Aeng Dake Kabupaten Sumenep Madura	2017
		Pengembangan Desain Kemasan dan Pemasaran Olahan Rumput Laut Berbasis Daring Pada Kelompok Pengolahan Rumput Laut di Desa Aeng Dake Kabupaten Sumenep Madura.	2018
Pragaan Laok	Kecamatan Pragaan, Kabupaten Sumenep	PKM Kelompok Pembudidaya Ikan Lele di Desa Pragaan Laok dan Pakamban Laok, Kecamatan Pragaan, Kabupaten Sumenep, Madura, Propinsi Jawa Timur.	2018
Pragaan Laok	Kecamatan Pragaan, Kabupaten Sumenep	Percontohan Model Akuaponik Ikan Lele di Desa Pragaan Laok, Kecamatan Pragaan, Kabupaten Sumenep, Madura, Jawa Timur.	2018
Banjar Kemuning	Kecamatan Sedati – Sidoarjo	Pendampingan Pembentukan Usaha Kecil Menengah (UKM) pada Ibu Nelayan Kerang Sedati dalam Upaya Pembentukan Usaha Mandiri dan Berkelanjutan.	2016
		Pendampingan Pengurusan PIRT (Pangan Industri Rumah Tangga) di UKM Banjar Kemuning, Sedati, Sidoarjo	2017
		Penerapan Sistem Sanitasi Kekerangan pada Kelompok Usaha Bersama (KUB) Nelayan Kerang di Desa Banjar Kemuning, Kecamatan Sedati, Kabupaten Sidoarjo.	2018
		Aplikasi Sanitasi Kerang Dengan Metode Depurasi Di Kawasan Kampung Nelayan Kerang Pantai Kenjeran, Surabaya.	2018
Wringin Putih	Kecamatan Muncar, Banyuwangi	Pelatihan dan Pendampingan Pengolahan Persiapan Lahan Budidaya Dengan Analisa Oxidizing Reduction Potensial (ORP) Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Produksi Udang Vaname (Litopenaeus vanname) Pada Kelompok Petambak Tradisional Desa Wringin Putih, Kecamatan Muncar, Banyuwangi.	2018
Panti Asuhan Muhammadyah	Kecamatan Kenjeran, Surabaya	Budidaya Lele Dumbo dengan Pemanfaatan Limbah Ikan di Panti Asuhan Muhammadiyah Surabaya	2014
		Budidaya Ikan Lele Dumbo Intensif Sistem Akuaponik Untuk Pemberdayaan Panti Asuhan Muhammadiyah Di Kecamatan Kenjeran Kota Surabaya	2015
		Budidaya Lele Dumbo Sistem Akuaponik Untuk Pemberdayaan Panti Asuhan Muhammadiyah Di Kecamatan Kenjeran Kota Surabaya	2016

HYEGENE AND SANITATION
This course discusses the principles and implementation of hygiene and sanitation in the aquatic product processing industry, the role and benefits of hygiene and sanitation for food safety of aquatic products, hygiene and sanitation in supporting HACCP in aquatic products.
REFERENCES:
1	H. J. Green. 1934. Army Manual Of Hygiene and Sanitation. Government Primer. Melbourne
2	Hiasinta A.P. 2001. Sanitasi Higiene dan Keselamatan Kerja dalam Pengolahan Makanan.
3	Edward J.P., Julie V.R.S. 2000. Sanitation and Personal Hygiene Handbook. Wisconsin Departement of Public Instruction. Barbara Thompson, Ph.D., State Superintendent
4	Ign.Suharto. 1998. Sanitasi, Keamanan & Ketahanan Pangan dan Alat Industri Pangan dalam Sistem Rantai Pangan, Jilid 1. Bandung
5	Djoko Windu P. Irawan. 2016. Prinsip-prinsip Hygiene Sanitasi Makanan Minuman di Rumah Sakit. Forum Ilmiah Kesehatan (FORIKES). Ponorogo
6	PPKP. 2015. Modul Menerapkan Sanitasi dan Hiegiene Hasil Perikanan. Jakarta
7	Buckle, et al. 2009. Ilmu Pangan, Jakarta UI-Press
8	Fardiaz, S. 2000. Riset Mikrobiologi Pangan untuk Keamanan Pangan di Industri. Yayasan Srikandi untuk Kemanan Pangan. Bogor
9	BPOM. 2012. Petunjuk Meminimalkan Terbentuknya Cemaran Kimia Pada Pangan Siap Saji dan Pangan Industri Rumah Tangga Sebagai Pangan Jajanan Anak Sekolah. Jakarta
10	Gun W and Satu S. 2007. Microbial Contaminants and Contamination Routes in Food Industry. VTT Technical Research Center Of Finlandia.
11	Bruno S and Babacar S. 2000. Priciple Of Hygiene and Food Safety Management. Publication are the sole responsibility of PIP and COLEACP. European Union
12	John Holah. 2000. Food processing equipment Design and cleanability. The National Food Centre Dunsinea, Castleknock Dublin 15, Ireland
13	Fadi A and Kathryn D. 2011. Methods For developing New Food Products. DEStec Publications, Inc.
14	Theodoros V and Constantina T. 2016. Handbook of Food Processing Food Safety, Quality, and Manufacturing Processes. LLC
15	Claudio A., et.al. 2000. Sanitation Control Procedures for Processing Fish and Fishery Products
16	Alan Parker. 2007. Effective Cleaning and Sanitizing Procedures. University of Maryland and the Johnson Diversey Corporation
17	Bridget M. H. 2011. Managing Food Safety and Hygiene. Departement Of Sociology. London
18	Florida. 2011. Fish and Fishery Products Hazards and Controls Guidance. IFAS – Extension Bookstore University of Florida

HIGIEN DAN SANITASI
Mata kuliah ini membahas tentang prinsip dan implementasi higienis dan sanitasi pada industri pengolahan produk akuatik, peran dan manfaat higien dan sanitasi bagi keamanan pangan dari produk akuatik higienis dan sanitasi dalam menunjang HACCP pada produk akuatik.
REFERENSI:
1	H. J. Green. 1934. Army Manual Of Hygiene and Sanitation. Government Primer. Melbourne
2	Hiasinta A.P. 2001. Sanitasi Higiene dan Keselamatan Kerja dalam Pengolahan Makanan.
3	Edward J.P., Julie V.R.S. 2000. Sanitation and Personal Hygiene Handbook. Wisconsin Departement of Public Instruction. Barbara Thompson, Ph.D., State Superintendent
4	Ign.Suharto. 1998. Sanitasi, Keamanan & Ketahanan Pangan dan Alat Industri Pangan dalam Sistem Rantai Pangan, Jilid 1. Bandung
5	Djoko Windu P. Irawan. 2016. Prinsip-prinsip Hygiene Sanitasi Makanan Minuman di Rumah Sakit. Forum Ilmiah Kesehatan (FORIKES). Ponorogo
6	PPKP. 2015. Modul Menerapkan Sanitasi dan Hiegiene Hasil Perikanan. Jakarta
7	Buckle, et al. 2009. Ilmu Pangan, Jakarta UI-Press
8	Fardiaz, S. 2000. Riset Mikrobiologi Pangan untuk Keamanan Pangan di Industri. Yayasan Srikandi untuk Kemanan Pangan. Bogor
9	BPOM. 2012. Petunjuk Meminimalkan Terbentuknya Cemaran Kimia Pada Pangan Siap Saji dan Pangan Industri Rumah Tangga Sebagai Pangan Jajanan Anak Sekolah. Jakarta
10	Gun W and Satu S. 2007. Microbial Contaminants and Contamination Routes in Food Industry. VTT Technical Research Center Of Finlandia.
11	Bruno S and Babacar S. 2000. Priciple Of Hygiene and Food Safety Management. Publication are the sole responsibility of PIP and COLEACP. European Union
12	John Holah. 2000. Food processing equipment Design and cleanability. The National Food Centre Dunsinea, Castleknock Dublin 15, Ireland
13	Fadi A and Kathryn D. 2011. Methods For developing New Food Products. DEStec Publications, Inc.
14	Theodoros V and Constantina T. 2016. Handbook of Food Processing Food Safety, Quality, and Manufacturing Processes. LLC
15	Claudio A., et.al. 2000. Sanitation Control Procedures for Processing Fish and Fishery Products
16	Alan Parker. 2007. Effective Cleaning and Sanitizing Procedures. University of Maryland and the Johnson Diversey Corporation
17	Bridget M. H. 2011. Managing Food Safety and Hygiene. Departement Of Sociology. London
18	Florida. 2011. Fish and Fishery Products Hazards and Controls Guidance. IFAS – Extension Bookstore University of Florida

MIKROBIOLOGI PRODUK AKUATIK
Mata kuliah ini membahas tentang prinsip dan implementasi mikrobiologi dalam produk akuatik yang terdiri atas mikrobia patogen, mikrobia pembusuk, metode perhitungan, dan aplikasi predictive microbiology.
REFERENSI:
1	Ray, B. and Bhunia, A., 2013. Fundamental food microbiology. CRC press.
2	Fratamico, P.M., Bhunia, A.K. and Smith, J.L. eds., 2005. Foodborne pathogens: microbiology and molecular biology. Horizon Scientific Press.
3	Doyle, M.P. and Buchanan, R.L. eds., 2012. Food microbiology: fundamentals and frontiers. American Society for Microbiology Press.
4	Lacroix, C. ed., 2010. Protective cultures, antimicrobial metabolites and bacteriophages for food and beverage biopreservation. Elsevier.
5	Perez-Rodriguez, F. and Valero, A., 2013. Predictive microbiology in foods. In Predictive microbiology in foods (pp. 1-10). Springer, New York, NY

AQUATIC FOOD MICROBIOLOGY
This course discusses the principles and implementation of microbiology in aquatic products consisting of pathogenic microbes, spoilage microbes, calculation methods, and predictive microbiology applications.
REFERENCES:
1	Ray, B. and Bhunia, A., 2013. Fundamental food microbiology. CRC press.
2	Fratamico, P.M., Bhunia, A.K. and Smith, J.L. eds., 2005. Foodborne pathogens: microbiology and molecular biology. Horizon Scientific Press.
3	Doyle, M.P. and Buchanan, R.L. eds., 2012. Food microbiology: fundamentals and frontiers. American Society for Microbiology Press.
4	Lacroix, C. ed., 2010. Protective cultures, antimicrobial metabolites and bacteriophages for food and beverage biopreservation. Elsevier.
5	Perez-Rodriguez, F. and Valero, A., 2013. Predictive microbiology in foods. In Predictive microbiology in foods (pp. 1-10). Springer, New York, NY

AQUATIC PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT
This course discusses technology to develop aquatic product processing both food and non-food, increasing added-value of products, cosmetics, biomaterials, and energy production from aquatic products.
REFERENCES:
1	Carole R. Engle, Kwamena K. Quagrainie, Madan M. Dey. 2016. Seafood and Aquaculture Marketing Handbook 2nd Edition. Wiley-Blackwell
2	Gavin B. G. Allan. 2009. New Technologies in Aquaculture 1st Edition. Woodhead Publishing
3	John S. Lucas and Paul C. Southgate. 2012. Aquaculture: Farming Aquatic Animals and Plants 2nd Edition. Wiley-Blackwell
4	Kwamena K. Quagrainie. 2014. The Market for Aquaculture Products: Market Efficiency and Global Competitiveness 1st Edition. Routledge

Artikel Terakhir

Selamat Kepada Ibu Dr. Eng. Patmawati, S.Pi., M.Si. atas terpilihnya proposal karya inovasi pada pemilihan “114 inovasi Indonesia 2022”

Membangun Istiqomah dan Kebersamaan dalam Meraih Berkah: Halal Bihalal FPK Universitas Airlangga 2023

Upacara Hari Pendidikan Nasional

TAUTAN UNIVERSITAS

TAUTAN EKSTERNAL

Form QS DIKTI

FAKULTAS PERIKANAN & KELAUTAN

EKOTOKSIKOLOGI AKUATIK
Mata kuliah ini membahas tentang aplikasi toksikologi dalam produk akuatik yang terdiri atas: kerja dan efektoksik, biotransformasi, deteksi, metode pengujian, dan metode pencegahan intoksikasi.
REFERENSI:
1	Donald W. S. 2017. Basics of Ecotoxicology. CRC Press.
2	Gerassimos A, Nadezhda G, Philippe B. 2006. Ecotoxicology, Ecological Risk Assessment and Multiple Stressors. Springer Netherlands
3	Ian S, Chadwick J. 1998. Principles of Environmental Toxicology. CRC Press.
4	Julián B., Peter C., Olivia C., Miriam H. 2016. Marine Ecotoxicology 1st Edition. Academic Press
5	Michael C. Newman .2007. Quantitative Ecotoxicology. CRC Press
6	Michael C. N, William H. Clements. 2007. Ecotoxicology: A Comprehensive Treatment. CRC Press

AQUATIC ECOTOXICOLOGY
This course provide studen with the understanding of absorption, accumulation, distribution, and excretion of toxins; xenobiotic biotransformation, determination, enzyme activity, the concept of induction, acute, sub-acute and chronic toxicity, and their relationship with aquatic organisms.
REFERENCES:
1	Donald W. S. 2017. Basics of Ecotoxicology. CRC Press.
2	Gerassimos A, Nadezhda G, Philippe B. 2006. Ecotoxicology, Ecological Risk Assessment and Multiple Stressors. Springer Netherlands
3	Ian S, Chadwick J. 1998. Principles of Environmental Toxicology. CRC Press.
4	Julián B., Peter C., Olivia C., Miriam H. 2016. Marine Ecotoxicology 1st Edition. Academic Press
5	Michael C. Newman .2007. Quantitative Ecotoxicology. CRC Press
6	Michael C. N, William H. Clements. 2007. Ecotoxicology: A Comprehensive Treatment. CRC Press

BIOMONITORING OF ACQUATIC ENVIRONMENT
This course provide students with the understanding of the aquatic environment, signals of changes in the aquatic environment, models of monitoring in aquatic environments, the use of biological aquatic organisms as indicators in monitoring the aquatic environment.
REFERENCES:
1	Zimmer et. al. 1997. Biomonitoring in the water environment. Water Environment Federation. Alexandria. USA.
2	Philllips DJH and Rainbow PS.1993. Biomonitoring of Trace Aquatic Contaminants. Springer Netherlands
3	Rosenberg DM and Resh VH. 1993. Freshwater Biomonitoring and Benthic Macroinvertebrates. Springer US
4	Sarker MJ, Tanmay MH, Rahman F, Patwary MSA, Rima NN. 2016. Macrobenthic Community Structure as A Bio-Indicator for the Assessment of Coastal Water Pollution In Greater Noakhali-Bangladesh. Journal of Coastal Management, 19 (2).
5	Fierro, P, Valdovinos, C, Vargas-Chacoff, L, Bertrán, C, Arismendi, I. 2017. Macroinvertebrates and Fishes as Bioindicators of Stream Water Pollution. InTech
6	Suthers M and Rissik D (Editor). 2009. Plankton: A Guide to their Ecology and Monitoring for Water Quality 1st Edition. CSIRO Publishing

BIOMONITORING LINGKUNGAN AKUATIK
Mata kuliah ini membahas tentang Pemahaman mengenai lingkungan akuatik, signal perubahan lingkungan akuatik, model monitoring lingkungan akuatik, pemanfaatan biologi organisme akuatik sebagai indikator dalam monitoring lingkungan akuatik.
REFERENSI:
1	Zimmer et. al. 1997. Biomonitoring in the water environment. Water Environment Federation. Alexandria. USA.
2	Philllips DJH and Rainbow PS.1993. Biomonitoring of Trace Aquatic Contaminants. Springer Netherlands
3	Rosenberg DM and Resh VH. 1993. Freshwater Biomonitoring and Benthic Macroinvertebrates. Springer US
4	Sarker MJ, Tanmay MH, Rahman F, Patwary MSA, Rima NN. 2016. Macrobenthic Community Structure as A Bio-Indicator for the Assessment of Coastal Water Pollution In Greater Noakhali-Bangladesh. Journal of Coastal Management, 19 (2).
5	Fierro, P, Valdovinos, C, Vargas-Chacoff, L, Bertrán, C, Arismendi, I. 2017. Macroinvertebrates and Fishes as Bioindicators of Stream Water Pollution. InTech
6	Suthers M and Rissik D (Editor). 2009. Plankton: A Guide to their Ecology and Monitoring for Water Quality 1st Edition. CSIRO Publishing

HUKUM DAN KEBIJAKAN MANAJEMEN SUMBERDAYA AKUATIK
Mata kuliah ini membahas tentang ruang lingkung sumberdaya akuatik, peraturan terkait manajemen sumberdaya akuatik, landasan dan penerapan hukum dalam manajemen sumberdaya akuatik, baik hukum positif maupun hukum adat, peran hukum adat dalam menjaga kelestarian sumberdaya akuatik.
REFERENSI:
1	Samodra Wibawa. 1994. Kebijakan Publik: Proses dan Analisis.. Intermedia.
2	Charles O, Jones. 1994 .Pengantar Kebijakan Publik (Public Policy).; Editor: Nashir Budiman. Raja Grafindo Persada.
3	Departeman Kelautan dan Perikanan RI. 2002. RENSTRA Pembangunan Kelautan dan Perikanan 2001-2004. Jakarta
4	Chairul Anwar . 1995. ZEE di dalam Hukum Internasional.. Sinar Grafika.
5	Frans F. Likadja, Daniel F. Besle. 1994. Hukum Laut dan Undang Undang Perikanan. Ghalia Indonesia.
6	Albert W. Koers. 1972. Konvensi Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa tentang Hukum Laut. Penerjemah: Rudi M. Rizki, Wahyuni Bahar. Penyunting: Komar Kantaatmadja, Etty R. Agoes. Gadjah Mada University Press.
7	Food and Agriculture Organization of The United Nation. 1995. Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries. Rome.
8	Undang Undang No. 13 tahun 2004 tentang Perikanan
9	Undang Undang No. 32 tahun 2004 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah
10	Undang Undang No. 33 tahun 2004 tentang Perimbangan Keuangan antara Pusat dan Pemerintahan Daerah.
11	Undang Undang No. 16 tahun 1992 tentang Karantina Hewan, Ikan dan Tumbuhan
12	Undang Undang No. 4 tahun 1982 tentang Ketentuan Ketentuan Pokok Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup
13	Undang Undang No. 23 tahun 1997 tentang Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hiup
14	Undang Undang No. 27 tahun 1999 tentang Analisis Mengenai Dampak Lingkungan
15	Keputusan Menteri Kelautan dan Perikanan No. Kep. 34/MEN/2002 tentang Pedoman Umum Penataan Ruang Pesisir dan Pulau- Pulau Kecil

LAW AND POLICY OF AQUATIC RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
This course discusses aquatic resources environment, regulations related to aquatic resource management, the foundation and application of law in the aquatic resource management, both positive and customary law, the role of customary law in preserving aquatic resources
REFERENCES:
1	Samodra Wibawa. 1994. Kebijakan Publik: Proses dan Analisis.. Intermedia.
2	Charles O, Jones. 1994 .Pengantar Kebijakan Publik (Public Policy).; Editor: Nashir Budiman. Raja Grafindo Persada.
3	Departeman Kelautan dan Perikanan RI. 2002. RENSTRA Pembangunan Kelautan dan Perikanan 2001-2004. Jakarta
4	Chairul Anwar . 1995. ZEE di dalam Hukum Internasional.. Sinar Grafika.
5	Frans F. Likadja, Daniel F. Besle. 1994. Hukum Laut dan Undang Undang Perikanan. Ghalia Indonesia.
6	Albert W. Koers. 1972. Konvensi Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa tentang Hukum Laut. Penerjemah: Rudi M. Rizki, Wahyuni Bahar. Penyunting: Komar Kantaatmadja, Etty R. Agoes. Gadjah Mada University Press.
7	Food and Agriculture Organization of The United Nation. 1995. Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries. Rome.
8	Undang Undang No. 13 tahun 2004 tentang Perikanan
9	Undang Undang No. 32 tahun 2004 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah
10	Undang Undang No. 33 tahun 2004 tentang Perimbangan Keuangan antara Pusat dan Pemerintahan Daerah.
11	Undang Undang No. 16 tahun 1992 tentang Karantina Hewan, Ikan dan Tumbuhan
12	Undang Undang No. 4 tahun 1982 tentang Ketentuan Ketentuan Pokok Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup
13	Undang Undang No. 23 tahun 1997 tentang Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hiup
14	Undang Undang No. 27 tahun 1999 tentang Analisis Mengenai Dampak Lingkungan
15	Keputusan Menteri Kelautan dan Perikanan No. Kep. 34/MEN/2002 tentang Pedoman Umum Penataan Ruang Pesisir dan Pulau- Pulau Kecil

ECOBIOLOGY OF ACQUATIC ORGANISM
This course discusses the interaction of fish with their environment (physical-chemical-biological factors) related to spatio-temporal distribution and the presence of fish, predation, intraspecific and interspecific competitions, spawning, growth, food, behavior and fish survival.
REFERENCES:
1	Imotyus silvianita 2003. Biologi karang Pusat penelitian Oseanografi – LIPI. Jakarta.
2	Maduppa hawwis. 2013. Bioekologi dan Biosistematika Ikan Terumbu – IPB Bogor

EKOBIOLOGI ORGANISME AKUATIK
Mata kuliah ini membahas tentang proses interaksi ikan dengan lingkungannya (faktor fisika-kimia-biologi) terkain distribusi spasio-temporal dan keberadaan ikan, pemangsaan, persaingan intra dan interspesifik, pemijahan, pertumbuhan, makanan, tingkah laku dan sintasan ikan.
REFERENSI:
1	Imotyus silvianita 2003. Biologi karang Pusat penelitian Oseanografi – LIPI. Jakarta.
2	Maduppa hawwis. 2013. Bioekologi dan Biosistematika Ikan Terumbu – IPB Bogor

MANAJEMEN TERUMBU KARANG
Mata kuliah ini membahas tentang jenis, habitat, organisme air yang hidup dan atau bersimbiosis dengan terumbu karang serta manajemen ekosistem terumbu karang yang berkelanjutan.
REFERENSI:
1	Edwards, A.J. & Gomez, E.D. 2008. Reef Restoration Concepts and Guidelines: Making Sensible Management Choices In The face of uncertainty. 38:363. Diterjemahkan oleh Yayasan Terumbu Karang Indonesia.
2	Giyanto, M. Abrar, T. A. Hadi, A. Budiyanto, M. Hafizt, A. Salatalohy dan M. Y. Iswari. 2017. Status Terumbu Karang Indonesia 2017. Pusat penelitian Oseanografi – LIPI. Jakarta.
3	Timotyus silvianita 2003. Biologi karang Pusat penelitian Oseanografi – LIPI. Jakarta.
4	Susie Westmacott, Kristian Teleki, Sue Wells dan Jordan West. 2000. Pengelolaan Terumbu Karang yang Telah Memutih dan Rusak Kritis. IUCN – Badan Konservasi Dunia / The World Conservation Union

CORAL REEF MANAGEMENT
This course discusses types, habitats, aquatic organisms that live and or have a symbiosis with coral reefs, and sustainable management of coral reef ecosystems
REFERENCES:
1	Edwards, A.J. & Gomez, E.D. 2008. Reef Restoration Concepts and Guidelines: Making Sensible Management Choices In The face of uncertainty. 38:363. Diterjemahkan oleh Yayasan Terumbu Karang Indonesia.
2	Giyanto, M. Abrar, T. A. Hadi, A. Budiyanto, M. Hafizt, A. Salatalohy dan M. Y. Iswari. 2017. Status Terumbu Karang Indonesia 2017. Pusat penelitian Oseanografi – LIPI. Jakarta.
3	Timotyus silvianita 2003. Biologi karang Pusat penelitian Oseanografi – LIPI. Jakarta.
4	Susie Westmacott, Kristian Teleki, Sue Wells dan Jordan West. 2000. Pengelolaan Terumbu Karang yang Telah Memutih dan Rusak Kritis. IUCN – Badan Konservasi Dunia / The World Conservation Union

ENDOKRINOLOGI ORGANISME AKUATIK
Mata kuliah ini membahas tentang mekanisme endokrinologi organisme akuatik terkait dengan produksi akuakultur, keragaan fungsi interaksi kelenjar endokrin, sistem dan regulasi hormon yang khas pada organisme akuatik, peran, sistem dan regulasi, hormonal pada proses osmoregulasi, metamorfosis, molting, metabolisme, pertumbuhan dan reproduksi, diferensiasi seks, adaptasi dan sistem kekebalan tuhuh organisme akuatik.
REFERENSI:
1	Lovejo DA. 2005. Neuroendocrinology An Integrated Approach. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex PO19 8SQ, England
2	Squires EJ. 2003. Applied Animal Endocrinology. CABI Publishing. USA.
3	Reinede M., Zaccone G 2005. Fish Endocrinology. ISBN 978-1578083183
4	Bershvili G, Shved N. 2016. Element In Fish Endocrinology. ISBN-13: 978-1682511565
5	Schulz RZ, Miura T. 2002 . fish fishiology and biochemestry. Kluwer Academic Publishers. Print ISSN 0920-1742
6	TFRI. 2000. Advanced Aquaculture. Taiwan Fisheries Research Institute. Taiwan.
7	Beckerman M. 2005. Molecular and Cellular Signaling. AIP PRESS. Springer Science+Business Media, Inc.

ENDOCRONOLOGY OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS
This course discusses the endocrinological mechanisms of aquatic organisms related to aquaculture production, the performance of endocrine gland interaction functions, systems and regulation of hormones that are specific to aquatic organisms, the role, hormonal systems and regulations in osmoregulation, metamorphosis, molting, metabolism, growth and reproduction functions, sex differentiation, adaptation and immune system of aquatic organisms.
REFERENCES:
1	Lovejo DA. 2005. Neuroendocrinology An Integrated Approach. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex PO19 8SQ, England
2	Squires EJ. 2003. Applied Animal Endocrinology. CABI Publishing. USA.
3	Reinede M., Zaccone G 2005. Fish Endocrinology. ISBN 978-1578083183
4	Bershvili G, Shved N. 2016. Element In Fish Endocrinology. ISBN-13: 978-1682511565
5	Schulz RZ, Miura T. 2002 . fish fishiology and biochemestry. Kluwer Academic Publishers. Print ISSN 0920-1742
6	TFRI. 2000. Advanced Aquaculture. Taiwan Fisheries Research Institute. Taiwan.
7	Beckerman M. 2005. Molecular and Cellular Signaling. AIP PRESS. Springer Science+Business Media, Inc.

GENETIKA ORGANISME AKUATIK TERAPAN
Mata kuliah ini membahas tentang material genetik, replikasi, transkripsi dan translasi, transmisi genetik melalui mitosis dan meiosis, ekspresi diferensiasi gen dan fungsinya, interaksi fenotipe-genotipe-lingkungan, dasar-dasar genetika populasi, prinsip dan aplikasi rekayasa genetika serta perannya dalam akuakultur dan sumberdaya akuatik.
REFERENSI:
1	Beaumont AR and Hoare K. 2003. Biotechnology and Genetics in Fisheries and Aquaculture. Blackwell Science.
2	Dunham RA. 2004. Aquaculture and Fisheries Biotechnology. Genetic Approaches. CABI Publishing.
3	Gjedrem T and Baranski M. 2009. Selective Breeding in Aquaculture: An Introduction. Springer.
4	Flegel TW. 1998. Advances in Shrimp Biotechnology. BIOTEC. Thailand.
5	Gjedrem T. 2005. Selection and Breeding Programs in Aquaculture. Springer.
6	Purdom CE. 1993. Genetics and Fish Breeding. Chapman and Hall.
7	Irianto A. 2003. Probiotik Akuakultur. Gadjah Mada University Press.
8	Lutz CG. 2001. Practical Genetics for Aquaculture. Fishing News Books, Blackwell Science.

APPLIED GENETIC IN AQUATIC ORGANISM
This course discusses genetic material, replication, transcription and translation, genetic transmission through mitosis and meiosis, gene expression, differentiation and function, phenotype-genotype-environment interactions, the basics of population genetics, principles and applications of genetic engineering and their role in aquaculture and aquatic resources.
REFERENCES:
1	Beaumont AR and Hoare K. 2003. Biotechnology and Genetics in Fisheries and Aquaculture. Blackwell Science.
2	Dunham RA. 2004. Aquaculture and Fisheries Biotechnology. Genetic Approaches. CABI Publishing.
3	Gjedrem T and Baranski M. 2009. Selective Breeding in Aquaculture: An Introduction. Springer.
4	Flegel TW. 1998. Advances in Shrimp Biotechnology. BIOTEC. Thailand.
5	Gjedrem T. 2005. Selection and Breeding Programs in Aquaculture. Springer.
6	Purdom CE. 1993. Genetics and Fish Breeding. Chapman and Hall.
7	Irianto A. 2003. Probiotik Akuakultur. Gadjah Mada University Press.
8	Lutz CG. 2001. Practical Genetics for Aquaculture. Fishing News Books, Blackwell Science.

WATER QUALITY FOR AQUACULTURE
This course discusses physical, chemical and biological factors of rearing water and its role in supporting the success of aquaculture, and water quality management.
REFERENCES:
1	Ecological Economics. The Sciences and Management of Sustainability. Robert Costanza, 1991.
2	Resources: Environmental and Policy. John Fernie and Alan S. Pitkethly. 1985
3	Handbook of Variables for Environmental Impact Assessment. L.W.Canter & L.G.Hill. 1979.

KUALITAS AIR MEDIA AKUAKULTUR
Mata kuliah ini membahas tentang faktor fisika, kimia dan biologi air media akuakultur dan peranannya dalam menunjang keberhasilan akuakultur, pendugaan dan manajemen kualitas air media akuakultur.
REFERENSI:
1	Ecological Economics. The Sciences and Management of Sustainability. Robert Costanza, 1991.
2	Resources: Environmental and Policy. John Fernie and Alan S. Pitkethly. 1985
3	Handbook of Variables for Environmental Impact Assessment. L.W.Canter & L.G.Hill. 1979.

PHYSIOLOGY AND BEHAVIOUR OF FISH
This course discusses the physiology and behavior of various types of aquatic organisms, both larval stages, seeds, juveniles, fingerling and adults, including organogenesis and metamorphosis, development of digestive organs, vision, regulation of larval hydrostatic pressure, egg yolk absorption and initiation of larval feeding habbit which is important for aquaculture.
REFERENCES:
1	Bardach JE, Ryther JH and McLarney WO. 1972. Aquaculture, the Farming and Husbandry of Freshwater and Marine Organisms, John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2	Fujaya,Y. 2004. Fisiologi Ikan (Dasar Pengembangan Teknik Perikanan) Rineka cipta Jakarta
3	Granvil, D.T., Joe M.F., Pesca S.A dan Guatemala C.A. 1993. Design, Operation and Training Manual for an Intensive Culture Shrimp Htachery. Texas A&M University Sea Grant Collage Program. Publication TAMU-SG-93-505. ISBN 1-883550-02-5
4	Isnaeni, W., 2006. Fisiologi Hewan. Penerbit Kanisius. Yogyakarta.
5	Jhingran, V.G. and R.S.V. Pullin, 1988. A hatchery manual for the common, Chinese and Indian major carps. ICLARM Stud. Rev. 11:191 p
6	Mokoginta I. 1997. Formulasi Pakan Buatan untuk Ikan Laut. Pertemuan Koordinasi dan Pemantapan Rekayasa Teknologi Perbenihan Lintas UPT Dirjen Perikanan. Yogyakarta.
7	Sulmartiwi, L. dan H. Suprapto, S. Andriono, 2016, Buku ajar Fisiologi Hewan air. Fakultas Perikanan dan Kelautan (Volume 1: Nutritif dan Reproduktif), (Volume 2: Fungsi Responsif)PT. revka PetraMedia, Surabaya.
8	Sulmartiwi, L. dan H. Suprapto, S. Andriono, 2017, Buku Penuntun Praktikum Fisiologi Hewan air. Fakultas Perikanan dan Kelautan
9	Tave D. 1993. Genetics for Fish Hatchery Managers. Avi. Publ. Co. Inc. Wesport, Connecticut.
10	Utting, S.D. , Spencer B.E (1991). The Hatchery Culture of Fisheries Research. Lowestoft Laboratory Leaflet. No.68
11	W.S. Hoar & D.J. Randall, 1988. Fish physiology, Academic Press inc. London.
	a. Vol 2. The endocrine system
	b. Vol 6. Environmental relation & behavior
12	Yuwono, Edi dan Purnama Suwardi, 2001. Fisiologi Hewan Air. Jakarta: Sagung Seto.
13	Zonneveld N, Huisman EA dan Boon JH. 1991. Prinsip-Prinsip Budidaya Ikan. Gramedia Pustaka Utama, Jakarta.

FISIOLOGI DAN TINGKAH LAKU ORGANISME AKUATIK
Mata kuliah ini membahas tentang fisiologi dan tingkah laku berbagai jenis organisme akuatik, baik stadia larva, benih, juvenil, fingerling dan dewasa, meliputi organogenesis dan metamorfosis, perkembangan organ pencernaan, penglihatan, pengaturan tekanan hidrostatis larva, penyerapan kuning telur dan inisiasi feeding habbit larva yang penting bagi akuakultur.
REFERENSI:
1	Bardach JE, Ryther JH and McLarney WO. 1972. Aquaculture, the Farming and Husbandry of Freshwater and Marine Organisms, John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2	Fujaya,Y. 2004. Fisiologi Ikan (Dasar Pengembangan Teknik Perikanan) Rineka cipta Jakarta
3	Granvil, D.T., Joe M.F., Pesca S.A dan Guatemala C.A. 1993. Design, Operation and Training Manual for an Intensive Culture Shrimp Htachery. Texas A&M University Sea Grant Collage Program. Publication TAMU-SG-93-505. ISBN 1-883550-02-5
4	Isnaeni, W., 2006. Fisiologi Hewan. Penerbit Kanisius. Yogyakarta.
5	Jhingran, V.G. and R.S.V. Pullin, 1988. A hatchery manual for the common, Chinese and Indian major carps. ICLARM Stud. Rev. 11:191 p
6	Mokoginta I. 1997. Formulasi Pakan Buatan untuk Ikan Laut. Pertemuan Koordinasi dan Pemantapan Rekayasa Teknologi Perbenihan Lintas UPT Dirjen Perikanan. Yogyakarta.
7	Sulmartiwi, L. dan H. Suprapto, S. Andriono, 2016, Buku ajar Fisiologi Hewan air. Fakultas Perikanan dan Kelautan (Volume 1: Nutritif dan Reproduktif), (Volume 2: Fungsi Responsif)PT. revka PetraMedia, Surabaya.
8	Sulmartiwi, L. dan H. Suprapto, S. Andriono, 2017, Buku Penuntun Praktikum Fisiologi Hewan air. Fakultas Perikanan dan Kelautan
9	Tave D. 1993. Genetics for Fish Hatchery Managers. Avi. Publ. Co. Inc. Wesport, Connecticut.
10	Utting, S.D. , Spencer B.E (1991). The Hatchery Culture of Fisheries Research. Lowestoft Laboratory Leaflet. No.68
11	W.S. Hoar & D.J. Randall, 1988. Fish physiology, Academic Press inc. London.
	a. Vol 2. The endocrine system
	b. Vol 6. Environmental relation & behavior
12	Yuwono, Edi dan Purnama Suwardi, 2001. Fisiologi Hewan Air. Jakarta: Sagung Seto.
13	Zonneveld N, Huisman EA dan Boon JH. 1991. Prinsip-Prinsip Budidaya Ikan. Gramedia Pustaka Utama, Jakarta.

BIOTEKNOLOGI AKUAKULTUR
Mata kuliah ini membahas tentang peran dan manfaat bioteknologi dalam akuakultur, bioteknologi terapan dalam akuakultur, faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan aplikasi bioteknologi dalam akuakultur, seleksi dan keamanan produk bioteknologi akuakultur bagi manusia dan lingkungan akuatik.
REFERENSI:
1	Austin A. 2004. Control of Fish Diseases. Prosiding Pengendalian Penyakit pada Ikan dan Udang Berbasis Imunisasi dan Biosecurity.
2	Beaumont AR and Hoare K. 2003. Biotechnology and Genetics in Fisheries and Aquaculture. Blackwell Science.
3	Bromage NR and Roberts RJ. 1996. Broodstock Management and Egg and Larval Quality. Blackwell Science.
4	DCD. 1997. Mengenal Tambak Lapis Plastik Udang Windu. PT. Dipasena Citra Darmaja. Lampung.
5	Dunham RA. 2004. Aquaculture and Fisheries Biotechnology. Genetic Approaches. CABI Publishing.
6	Gjedrem T. 2005. Selection and Breeding Programs in Aquaculture. Springer.
7	Gjedrem T and Baranski M. 2009. Selective Breeding in Aquaculture: An Introduction. Springer.
8	Irianto A. 2003. Probiotik Akuakultur. Gadjah Mada University Press.
9	Flegel TW. 1998. Advances in Shrimp Biotechnology. BIOTEC. Thailand.
10	Komen J. 1990. Clones of Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio. New Perspective in Fish Research. Wageningen, Netherlands.
11	Lee C and Donaldson EM. 2001. Reproductive Biotechnology in Finfish Aquaculture. Elsevier.
12	Lucas JS and Southgate PC. 2005. Aquaculture, Farming Aquatic Animals and Plants. Blackwell Publishing.
13	Lutz CG. 2001. Practical Genetics for Aquaculture. Fishing News Books, Blackwell Science.
14	Muir JF and Roberts RJ. 1993. Recent Advances in Aquaculture IV. Blackwell Scientific Publications..
15	NRC. 1983. Nutrient Requirement of Warmwater Fishes and Shell Fishes. National Academy Press.
16	Pillay TVR and Kutty MN. 2005. Aquaculture, Principles and Practices. Second Edition. Blackwell Publishing.
17	Purdom CE. 1993. Genetics and Fish Breeding. Chapman and Hall.
18	Stottrup JG and Mc.Evoy LA. 2003. Live Feeds in Marine Aquaculture. Blackwell Science.
19	Tave D. 1993. Genetics for Fish Hatchery Managers. Avi. Publ. Co. Inc. Wesport, Connecticut.
20	TFRI. 2000. Advanced Aquaculture. Taiwan Fisheries Research Institute. Taiwan.
21	+ Jurnals / Proceedings

BIOTECHNOLOGY OF AQUACULTURE
This course discusses the role and benefits of biotechnology in aquaculture, applied biotechnology in aquaculture, the factors that influence the successful application of biotechnology in aquaculture, the selection and safety of aquaculture biotechnology products for humans and aquatic environments.
REFERENCES:
1	Austin A. 2004. Control of Fish Diseases. Prosiding Pengendalian Penyakit pada Ikan dan Udang Berbasis Imunisasi dan Biosecurity.
2	Beaumont AR and Hoare K. 2003. Biotechnology and Genetics in Fisheries and Aquaculture. Blackwell Science.
3	Bromage NR and Roberts RJ. 1996. Broodstock Management and Egg and Larval Quality. Blackwell Science.
4	DCD. 1997. Mengenal Tambak Lapis Plastik Udang Windu. PT. Dipasena Citra Darmaja. Lampung.
5	Dunham RA. 2004. Aquaculture and Fisheries Biotechnology. Genetic Approaches. CABI Publishing.
6	Gjedrem T. 2005. Selection and Breeding Programs in Aquaculture. Springer.
7	Gjedrem T and Baranski M. 2009. Selective Breeding in Aquaculture: An Introduction. Springer.
8	Irianto A. 2003. Probiotik Akuakultur. Gadjah Mada University Press.
9	Flegel TW. 1998. Advances in Shrimp Biotechnology. BIOTEC. Thailand.
10	Komen J. 1990. Clones of Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio. New Perspective in Fish Research. Wageningen, Netherlands.
11	Lee C and Donaldson EM. 2001. Reproductive Biotechnology in Finfish Aquaculture. Elsevier.
12	Lucas JS and Southgate PC. 2005. Aquaculture, Farming Aquatic Animals and Plants. Blackwell Publishing.
13	Lutz CG. 2001. Practical Genetics for Aquaculture. Fishing News Books, Blackwell Science.
14	Muir JF and Roberts RJ. 1993. Recent Advances in Aquaculture IV. Blackwell Scientific Publications..
15	NRC. 1983. Nutrient Requirement of Warmwater Fishes and Shell Fishes. National Academy Press.
16	Pillay TVR and Kutty MN. 2005. Aquaculture, Principles and Practices. Second Edition. Blackwell Publishing.
17	Purdom CE. 1993. Genetics and Fish Breeding. Chapman and Hall.
18	Stottrup JG and Mc.Evoy LA. 2003. Live Feeds in Marine Aquaculture. Blackwell Science.
19	Tave D. 1993. Genetics for Fish Hatchery Managers. Avi. Publ. Co. Inc. Wesport, Connecticut.
20	TFRI. 2000. Advanced Aquaculture. Taiwan Fisheries Research Institute. Taiwan.
21	+ Jurnals / Proceedings

DESIGN AND AQUACULTURE SYSTEM
This course discusses the location selection for freshwater, brackish and marine aquaculture especially for tropical species, design of tropical aquaculture systems, and factors influencing the design and systems of tropical and subtropical aquaculture.
REFERENCES:
1	Afrianto, E. dan E. Liviawaty. 2003. Pemeliharaan Kepiting. Penerbit Kanisius. Yogyakarta, Cetakan ke 5. 74 hal.
2	Amarullah, M. H. 2001. Dukungan Perbenihan Dalam Pengembangan Kawasan dan Sistem Usaha Budidaya. Pertemuan Lintas UPT Lingkup Dirjen Perikanan Budidaya. Yogyakarta.
3	Bardach JE, Ryther JH and McLarney WO. 1972. Aquaculture, the Farming and Husbandry of Freshwater and Marine Organisms, John Wiley and Sons Inc.
4	Bardach, J.E., J.H. Ryther and W. O. McLarney. 1982. Aquaculture, The Farming and Husbandry of Freshwater and Marine Organisms, John Wiley and Sons Inc., USA.
5	Buwono, I. D. 1993. Tambak Udang Windu. Sistem Pengelolaan berpola Intensif. Kanisius. Yogyakarta.
6	Chiu, Y.N., L.M. Santos and R.O. Juliano. 1988. Technical Considerations For The Management and Operation of Intensive Prawn Farms. U.P. Aquaculture Society, Iloilo City, Philippines. 172 p.
7	Elliot, M dan Krystal Hemingway, 2002. Fishes in Estuaries. Blackwell.
8	Fracesco, C and Alesandro L. 2015. Aquaculture operations in floating HDPE cages. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Techincal paper. FAO ISSN 2070-7010
9	Granvil, D.T., Joe M.F., Pesca S.A dan Guatemala C.A. 1993. Design, Operation and Training Manual for an Intensive Culture Shrimp Htachery. Texas A&M University Sea Grant Collage Program. Publication TAMU-SG-93-505. ISBN 1-883550-02-5
10	Ismail, A., Wedjatmiko., Sastrawidjaya dan S. Hermawan. 2001. Kajian Usaha Pembesaran Bandeng Secara Intensif pada Tambak di Kamal, Jakarta Utara. Departemen Kelautan dan Perikanan. Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Eksplorasi Laut dan Perikanan bekerja sama dengan JICA. Jakarta.
11	Jhingran, V.G. and R.S.V. Pullin, 1988. A hatchery manual for the common, Chinese and Indian major carps. ICLARM Stud. Rev. 11:191 p
12	Kungvankij, P., J. R. Pudadera., B.J. Tiro and I.O. Potestas. 1986. Biology and Culture of Sea Bass (Lates calcarifer). SEAFDEC Aquaculture Department.
13	Lekang, O.I. 2006. Aquaculture Engineering. Department of Mathematical Sciences and Technology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences. Blackwell
14	Made, L. N., B. Sumartono dan A. Taslihan. 2000. Hasil Survey Potensi Lahan Pertambakan untuk Budidaya Udang di Sumbawa. Jepara.
15	Pillay T.V.R and Kutty M.M, 2004. Aquacultu re and Environment 2nd Edition. ISBN:978-1-405-10532-3. Wiley-Blackwell
16	Rimmer. M.A and Franklin B. 1997. Development of Live Fish Transport Techniques. IRDC ProitJCIS 931184 & 931185
17	Sudrajat A et al. 2001. Teknologi Budidaya Laut dan Pengembangan Sea Farming di Indonesia. Puslitbang Departemen Kelautan dan Perikanan. Jakarta
18	Taslihan, A., Supito., E. Sutikno., dan R.B. Callinan. 2003. Teknik Budidaya Udang Secara Benar. Direktorat Jenderal Perikanan Budidaya. Balai Besar Pengembangan Budidaya Air Payau. Jepara. 59 hal.
19	Teknik Budidaya Udang Secara Benar. 2003. Direktorat Jenderal Perikanan Budidaya. Balai Besar Pengembangan Budidaya Air Payau. Jepara.
20	Utting, S.D. , Spencer B.E (1991). The Hatchery Culture of Fisheries Research. Lowestoft Laboratory Leaflet. No.68
21	VKM Report.. 2008. Transportation of fish within a closed system.ISBN: 978-ISBN: 978-82-8082-242-0
22	Zonneveld, N., E.A. Huisman dan J.H. Boon. 1991. Prinsip-prinsip Budidaya Ikan. PT. Gramedia Pustaka Utama. Jakarta.

DESAIN DAN SISTEM AKUAKULTUR TROPIS
Mata kuliah ini membahas tentang seleksi lokasi akuakultur untuk akuakultur organisme akuatik tropis tawar, payau maupun marikultur, desain model akuakultur tropis, baik akuakultur tawar, payau maupun marikultur, sistem akuakultur tropis, baik akuakultur tawar, payau maupun marikultur, perbandingan dan faktor yang mempengaruhi desain dan sistem akuakultur tropis dan subtropis.
REFERENSI:
1	Afrianto, E. dan E. Liviawaty. 2003. Pemeliharaan Kepiting. Penerbit Kanisius. Yogyakarta, Cetakan ke 5. 74 hal.
2	Amarullah, M. H. 2001. Dukungan Perbenihan Dalam Pengembangan Kawasan dan Sistem Usaha Budidaya. Pertemuan Lintas UPT Lingkup Dirjen Perikanan Budidaya. Yogyakarta.
3	Bardach JE, Ryther JH and McLarney WO. 1972. Aquaculture, the Farming and Husbandry of Freshwater and Marine Organisms, John Wiley and Sons Inc.
4	Bardach, J.E., J.H. Ryther and W. O. McLarney. 1982. Aquaculture, The Farming and Husbandry of Freshwater and Marine Organisms, John Wiley and Sons Inc., USA.
5	Buwono, I. D. 1993. Tambak Udang Windu. Sistem Pengelolaan berpola Intensif. Kanisius. Yogyakarta.
6	Chiu, Y.N., L.M. Santos and R.O. Juliano. 1988. Technical Considerations For The Management and Operation of Intensive Prawn Farms. U.P. Aquaculture Society, Iloilo City, Philippines. 172 p.
7	Elliot, M dan Krystal Hemingway, 2002. Fishes in Estuaries. Blackwell.
8	Fracesco, C and Alesandro L. 2015. Aquaculture operations in floating HDPE cages. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Techincal paper. FAO ISSN 2070-7010
9	Granvil, D.T., Joe M.F., Pesca S.A dan Guatemala C.A. 1993. Design, Operation and Training Manual for an Intensive Culture Shrimp Htachery. Texas A&M University Sea Grant Collage Program. Publication TAMU-SG-93-505. ISBN 1-883550-02-5
10	Ismail, A., Wedjatmiko., Sastrawidjaya dan S. Hermawan. 2001. Kajian Usaha Pembesaran Bandeng Secara Intensif pada Tambak di Kamal, Jakarta Utara. Departemen Kelautan dan Perikanan. Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Eksplorasi Laut dan Perikanan bekerja sama dengan JICA. Jakarta.
11	Jhingran, V.G. and R.S.V. Pullin, 1988. A hatchery manual for the common, Chinese and Indian major carps. ICLARM Stud. Rev. 11:191 p
12	Kungvankij, P., J. R. Pudadera., B.J. Tiro and I.O. Potestas. 1986. Biology and Culture of Sea Bass (Lates calcarifer). SEAFDEC Aquaculture Department.
13	Lekang, O.I. 2006. Aquaculture Engineering. Department of Mathematical Sciences and Technology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences. Blackwell
14	Made, L. N., B. Sumartono dan A. Taslihan. 2000. Hasil Survey Potensi Lahan Pertambakan untuk Budidaya Udang di Sumbawa. Jepara.
15	Pillay T.V.R and Kutty M.M, 2004. Aquaculture and Environment 2nd Edition. ISBN:978-1-405-10532-3. Wiley-Blackwell
16	Rimmer. M.A and Franklin B. 1997. Development of Live Fish Transport Techniques. IRDC ProitJCIS 931184 & 931185
17	Sudrajat A et al. 2001. Teknologi Budidaya Laut dan Pengembangan Sea Farming di Indonesia. Puslitbang Departemen Kelautan dan Perikanan. Jakarta
18	Taslihan, A., Supito., E. Sutikno., dan R.B. Callinan. 2003. Teknik Budidaya Udang Secara Benar. Direktorat Jenderal Perikanan Budidaya. Balai Besar Pengembangan Budidaya Air Payau. Jepara. 59 hal.
19	Teknik Budidaya Udang Secara Benar. 2003. Direktorat Jenderal Perikanan Budidaya. Balai Besar Pengembangan Budidaya Air Payau. Jepara.
20	Utting, S.D. , Spencer B.E (1991). The Hatchery Culture of Fisheries Research. Lowestoft Laboratory Leaflet. No.68
21	VKM Report.. 2008. Transportation of fish within a closed system.ISBN: 978-ISBN: 978-82-8082-242-0
22	Zonneveld, N., E.A. Huisman dan J.H. Boon. 1991. Prinsip-prinsip Budidaya Ikan. PT. Gramedia Pustaka Utama. Jakarta.

TROPICAL ORNAMENTAL FISH CULTURE
This course discusses potential ornamental fish species especially in the tropical regions, technology in ornamental fish breeding, and culture technique to increase aquaculture production.
REFERENCES:
1	Amarullah MH. 2001. Dukungan Perbenihan dalam Pengembangan Kawasan dan Sistem Usaha Budidaya. Pertemuan Lintas UPT Lingkup Dirjen Perikanan Budidaya. Yogyakarta.
2	Hartanto, N., Djafar S., Doortje A., Heru S., Akhamd S dan Rusli R. Budidaya Ikan Hias Clown. Balai Perikanan Budidaya Laut Ambon.
3	Hartanto, N., Djafar S., Doortje A., Heru S., Akhamd S dan Rusli R. Budidaya Ikan Hias Mandarin. Balai Perikanan Budidaya Laut Ambon
4	Fishkeeper, Emagazine.
5	Wolfgang Dengler. Aquascapes. Ulmer.
6	Carolina. 2012. Carolina’s Freshwater Aquarium Manual.
7	Fishlor.com. 2013. Freshwater Aquarium e-Book
8	John Tullock. 2007. Freshwater Aquarium Models. Willey Publisher.

KULTUR IKAN HIAS TROPIS
Mata kuliah ini membahas tentang jenis ikan hias yang potensial khususnya di wilayah tropis serta cara pembenihan dan budidaya ikan hias yang baik untuk meningkatkan produksi akuakultur di wilayah tropis.
REFERENSI:
1	Amarullah MH. 2001. Dukungan Perbenihan dalam Pengembangan Kawasan dan Sistem Usaha Budidaya. Pertemuan Lintas UPT Lingkup Dirjen Perikanan Budidaya. Yogyakarta.
2	Hartanto, N., Djafar S., Doortje A., Heru S., Akhamd S dan Rusli R. Budidaya Ikan Hias Clown. Balai Perikanan Budidaya Laut Ambon.
3	Hartanto, N., Djafar S., Doortje A., Heru S., Akhamd S dan Rusli R. Budidaya Ikan Hias Mandarin. Balai Perikanan Budidaya Laut Ambon
4	Fishkeeper, Emagazine.
5	Wolfgang Dengler. Aquascapes. Ulmer.
6	Carolina. 2012. Carolina’s Freshwater Aquarium Manual.
7	Fishlor.com. 2013. Freshwater Aquarium e-Book
8	John Tullock. 2007. Freshwater Aquarium Models. Willey Publisher.

TEKNOLOGI DAN MANAJEMEN LIMBAH INDUSTRI PRODUK AKUATIK
Mata kuliah ini membahas tentang teknologi dan manajemen industri produk akuatik yang terdiri atas pembagian jenis limbah, mekanisme separasi, recovery produk samping industri akuatik, sistem manajemen limbah produk akuatik dan konsep blue economy.
REFERENSI:
1	Fereidoon Shahidi. 2009. Maximising the value of marine by-products. Woodhead Publishing Limited
2	Daczkowska-Kozon EG, Pan BS . 2011. Environmental effects on seafood, availability, safety, and quality. CRC Press.
3	Wessells CR, Cochrane K, Deere C, Wallis P, Willmann R. 2001. Product Certification and Ecolabelling for Fisheries Sustainability. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper 422. Rome : FAO. 83p.
4	Sainsbury K. 2010. Review of ecolabelling schemes for fish and fishery products from capture fisheries. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Paper. No. 533. Rome : FAO. 93p.
5	ISO14020 Environmental labels and declarations-General principles. Second Edition 2000-09-15
6	Joon Park R.S. Lakes. 2007. Biomaterials : an introduction. Springer Science and Business Media, LLC
7	Mel Schwartz. 2009. Smart materials. CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group
8	Gerhard Knothe, Jon Van Gerpen, Jürgen Krahl. 2005. The biodiesel bandbook. AOCS Press
9	Guy Linden and Denis Lorient. 1999. New ingredients in food processing : biochemistry and agriculture. Woodhead Publishing Ltd and CRC Press LLC

WASTE MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGY OF AQUATIC INDUSTRY
This course discusses the technology and waste management of the aquatic product industry consisting of types of waste, separation mechanisms, recovery of the aquatic industry by-products, aquatic product waste management systems and the concept of blue economy
REFERENCES:
1	Fereidoon Shahidi. 2009. Maximising the value of marine by-products. Woodhead Publishing Limited
2	Daczkowska-Kozon EG, Pan BS . 2011. Environmental effects on seafood, availability, safety, and quality. CRC Press.
3	Wessells CR, Cochrane K, Deere C, Wallis P, Willmann R. 2001. Product Certification and Ecolabelling for Fisheries Sustainability. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper 422. Rome : FAO. 83p.
4	Sainsbury K. 2010. Review of ecolabelling schemes for fish and fishery products from capture fisheries. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Paper. No. 533. Rome : FAO. 93p.
5	ISO14020 Environmental labels and declarations-General principles. Second Edition 2000-09-15
6	Joon Park R.S. Lakes. 2007. Biomaterials : an introduction. Springer Science and Business Media, LLC
7	Mel Schwartz. 2009. Smart materials. CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group
8	Gerhard Knothe, Jon Van Gerpen, Jürgen Krahl. 2005. The biodiesel bandbook. AOCS Press
9	Guy Linden and Denis Lorient. 1999. New ingredients in food processing : biochemistry and agriculture. Woodhead Publishing Ltd and CRC Press LLC

AQUATIC-PRODUCT FERMENTATION TECHNOLOGY
This course discusses the principles and implementation of fermentation technology in aquatic products consisting of: types and models of fermentation, the fermentation products, and the functionality of aquatic fermentation products.
REFERENCES:
1	Ezeji, T.C., Qureshi, N. and Blaschek, H.P., 2004. Butanol fermentation research: upstream and downstream manipulations. The chemical record, 4(5), pp.305-314.
2	Wolfe, B.E. and Dutton, R.J., 2015. Fermented foods as experimentally tractable microbial ecosystems. Cell, 161(1), pp.49-55.
3	Singh, V., Haque, S., Niwas, R., Srivastava, A., Pasupuleti, M. and Tripathi, C.K.M., 2017. Strategies for fermentation medium optimization: an in-depth review. Frontiers in microbiology, 7, p.2087.
4	Palma, J.M., Nejjam, I., Serrano, R., Jiménez, E., Jiménez, I., Martín-García, A.I., Yáñez-Ruiz, D.R. and Belanche, A., 2017. In vitro optimization of the usage of ruminal microbiota as a probiotic. 2. Effect of inoculum, diet and preservation method. XVII Jornadas sobre Producción Animal, Zaragoza, España, 30 y 31 de mayo de 2017, pp.264-266.
5	Connelly, S., Shin, S.G., Dillon, R.J., Ijaz, U.Z., Quince, C., Sloan, W.T. and Collins, G., 2017. Bioreactor scalability: laboratory-scale bioreactor design influences performance, ecology, and community physiology in expanded granular sludge bed bioreactors. Frontiers in microbiology, 8, p.664.
6	Papapetridis, I., Goudriaan, M., Vitali, M.V., Keijzer, N.A., Broek, M., Maris, A.J. and Pronk, J.T., 2018. Optimizing anaerobic growth rate and fermentation kinetics in Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains expressing Calvin-cycle enzymes for improved ethanol yield. Biotechnology for biofuels, 11(1), p.17.
7	Gungormusler-Yilmaz, M., Cicek, N., Levin, D.B. and Azbar, N., 2016. Cell immobilization for microbial production of 1, 3-propanediol. Critical reviews in biotechnology, 36(3), pp.482-494.
8	Cardoso, J.G., Zeidan, A.A., Jensen, K., Sonnenschein, N., Neves, A.R. and Herrgård, M.J., 2018. MARSI: metabolite analogues for rational strain improvement. Bioinformatics, 1, p.3.
9	Triwahyuni, E., Hariyanti, S., Dahnum, D., Nurdin, M. and Abimanyu, H., 2015. Optimization of saccharification and fermentation process in bioethanol production from oil palm fronds. procedia Chemistry, 16, pp.141-148.
10	Krawczyk, J.M., Haefner, S., Schröder, H., Costa, E.D., Zelder, O., Von Abendroth, G., Wittmann, C., Stellmacher, R. and Becker, J., BASF SE, 2016. Modified microorganism with improved biomass separation behaviour. U.S. Patent Application 15/116,600.
11	Kirakosyan, A., Noon, K.R., McKenzie, M., Cseke, L.J. and Kaufman, P.B., 2016. Isolation and Purification of Metabolites. In Handbook of Molecular and Cellular Methods in Biology and Medicine (pp. 386-399). CRC Press.
12	Jones, J.A., Vernacchio, V.R., Sinkoe, A.L., Collins, S.M., Ibrahim, M.H., Lachance, D.M., Hahn, J. and Koffas, M.A., 2016. Experimental and computational optimization of an Escherichia coli co-culture for the efficient production of flavonoids. Metabolic engineering, 35, pp.55-63.

TEKNOLOGI FERMENTASI PRODUK AKUATIK
Mata kuliah ini membahas tentang prinsip dan implementasi fermentasi pada produk akuatik yang terdiri atas: tipe dan model fermentasi, produk yang dihasilkan, serta fungsionalitas produk fermentasi akuatik.
REFERENSI:
1	Ezeji, T.C., Qureshi, N. and Blaschek, H.P., 2004. Butanol fermentation research: upstream and downstream manipulations. The chemical record, 4(5), pp.305-314.
2	Wolfe, B.E. and Dutton, R.J., 2015. Fermented foods as experimentally tractable microbial ecosystems. Cell, 161(1), pp.49-55.
3	Singh, V., Haque, S., Niwas, R., Srivastava, A., Pasupuleti, M. and Tripathi, C.K.M., 2017. Strategies for fermentation medium optimization: an in-depth review. Frontiers in microbiology, 7, p.2087.
4	Palma, J.M., Nejjam, I., Serrano, R., Jiménez, E., Jiménez, I., Martín-García, A.I., Yáñez-Ruiz, D.R. and Belanche, A., 2017. In vitro optimization of the usage of ruminal microbiota as a probiotic. 2. Effect of inoculum, diet and preservation method. XVII Jornadas sobre Producción Animal, Zaragoza, España, 30 y 31 de mayo de 2017, pp.264-266.
5	Connelly, S., Shin, S.G., Dillon, R.J., Ijaz, U.Z., Quince, C., Sloan, W.T. and Collins, G., 2017. Bioreactor scalability: laboratory-scale bioreactor design influences performance, ecology, and community physiology in expanded granular sludge bed bioreactors. Frontiers in microbiology, 8, p.664.
6	Papapetridis, I., Goudriaan, M., Vitali, M.V., Keijzer, N.A., Broek, M., Maris, A.J. and Pronk, J.T., 2018. Optimizing anaerobic growth rate and fermentation kinetics in Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains expressing Calvin-cycle enzymes for improved ethanol yield. Biotechnology for biofuels, 11(1), p.17.
7	Gungormusler-Yilmaz, M., Cicek, N., Levin, D.B. and Azbar, N., 2016. Cell immobilization for microbial production of 1, 3-propanediol. Critical reviews in biotechnology, 36(3), pp.482-494.
8	Cardoso, J.G., Zeidan, A.A., Jensen, K., Sonnenschein, N., Neves, A.R. and Herrgård, M.J., 2018. MARSI: metabolite analogues for rational strain improvement. Bioinformatics, 1, p.3.
9	Triwahyuni, E., Hariyanti, S., Dahnum, D., Nurdin, M. and Abimanyu, H., 2015. Optimization of saccharification and fermentation process in bioethanol production from oil palm fronds. procedia Chemistry, 16, pp.141-148.
10	Krawczyk, J.M., Haefner, S., Schröder, H., Costa, E.D., Zelder, O., Von Abendroth, G., Wittmann, C., Stellmacher, R. and Becker, J., BASF SE, 2016. Modified microorganism with improved biomass separation behaviour. U.S. Patent Application 15/116,600.
11	Kirakosyan, A., Noon, K.R., McKenzie, M., Cseke, L.J. and Kaufman, P.B., 2016. Isolation and Purification of Metabolites. In Handbook of Molecular and Cellular Methods in Biology and Medicine (pp. 386-399). CRC Press.
12	Jones, J.A., Vernacchio, V.R., Sinkoe, A.L., Collins, S.M., Ibrahim, M.H., Lachance, D.M., Hahn, J. and Koffas, M.A., 2016. Experimental and computational optimization of an Escherichia coli co-culture for the efficient production of flavonoids. Metabolic engineering, 35, pp.55-63.

BIOTEKNOLOGI PRODUK AKUATIK
Mata kuliah ini membahas tentang prinsip dan aplikasi biologi molekuler (genomik, lipidomik, dan proteomik) dalam menghasilkan produk akuatik yang memiliki fungsionalitas dalam bidang kesehatan.
REFERENSI:
1	Holban, A.M. and Grumezescu, A.M., 2018. Preface for Volume 14: Advances in Biotechnology for Food Industry. In Advances in Biotechnology for Food Industry (pp. xxiii-xxvi).
2	Sambrook, J., Fritsch, E.F. and Maniatis, T., 1989. Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual (No. Ed. 2). Cold spring harbor laboratory press.
3	Riaz, M.N. and Chaudry, M.M., 2018. Handbook of Halal Food Production.
4	Bari, M.L. and Yamazaki, K. eds., 2018. Seafood Safety and Quality. CRC Press.
5	Chisti, Y., 2018. Producing safe processed foods.
6	Agarwal, S., Allen, K.J., Aresery, M., Baldwin, J.L., Bannon, G.A., Berin, M.C., Beyer, K., Bischoff, S.C., Bosso, J.V., Burks, A.W. and Bush, R.K., Maria Laura Acebal, JD. Food Allergy.
7	Botana, L.M. ed., 2014. Seafood and Freshwater toxins: pharmacology, physiology, and detection. CRC Press

AQUATIC PRODUCT BIOTECHNOLOGY
This course discusses the principles and applications of molecular biology (genomics, lipidomics, and proteomics) in producing aquatic products that have functionalities in the health field.
REFERENCES:
1	Holban, A.M. and Grumezescu, A.M., 2018. Preface for Volume 14: Advances in Biotechnology for Food Industry. In Advances in Biotechnology for Food Industry (pp. xxiii-xxvi).
2	Sambrook, J., Fritsch, E.F. and Maniatis, T., 1989. Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual (No. Ed. 2). Cold spring harbor laboratory press.
3	Riaz, M.N. and Chaudry, M.M., 2018. Handbook of Halal Food Production.
4	Bari, M.L. and Yamazaki, K. eds., 2018. Seafood Safety and Quality. CRC Press.
5	Chisti, Y., 2018. Producing safe processed foods.
6	Agarwal, S., Allen, K.J., Aresery, M., Baldwin, J.L., Bannon, G.A., Berin, M.C., Beyer, K., Bischoff, S.C., Bosso, J.V., Burks, A.W. and Bush, R.K., Maria Laura Acebal, JD. Food Allergy.
7	Botana, L.M. ed., 2014. Seafood and Freshwater toxins: pharmacology, physiology, and detection. CRC Press

AQUATIC PRODUCT ENZYMOLOGY
This course discusses the structures, functions, types, inhibition mechanisms, kinetics, and enzyme functionality that play a role in post-harvest aquatic products.
REFERENCES:
1	Vilhelmsson O. The state of enzyme biotechnology in the fish processing industry. Trends in food science and Technology. 1997;8:266-70.
2	Whitehurst RJ, Van Oort M. Enzymes in food technology: Wiley Online Library; 2010.
3	Wiseman A. Handbook of enzyme biotechnology: E. Horwood; 1985.
4	Artimo P, Jonnalagedda M, Arnold K, Baratin D, Csardi G, De Castro E, et al. ExPASy: SIB bioinformatics resource portal. Nucleic acids research. 2012;40(W1):W597-W603.
5	ExPASy S. Bioinformatics Resource Portal. SIB Website. 2014.
6	Gemeiner P. Enzyme engineering: immobilized biosystems: E. Horwood; 1992.
7	Asenjo JA. Separation processes in biotechnology: CRC Press; 1990.
8	Harrison R. Protein purification process engineering: CRC Press; 1993.

ENZIMOLOGI PRODUK AKUATIK
Mata kuliah ini membahas tentang struktur, fungsi, jenis, mekanisme inhibisi, kinetika, fungsionalitas enzim yang berperan dalam pasca panen produk akuatik.
REFERENSI:
1	Vilhelmsson O. The state of enzyme biotechnology in the fish processing industry. Trends in food science and Technology. 1997;8:266-70.
2	Whitehurst RJ, Van Oort M. Enzymes in food technology: Wiley Online Library; 2010.
3	Wiseman A. Handbook of enzyme biotechnology: E. Horwood; 1985.
4	Artimo P, Jonnalagedda M, Arnold K, Baratin D, Csardi G, De Castro E, et al. ExPASy: SIB bioinformatics resource portal. Nucleic acids research. 2012;40(W1):W597-W603.
5	ExPASy S. Bioinformatics Resource Portal. SIB Website. 2014.
6	Gemeiner P. Enzyme engineering: immobilized biosystems: E. Horwood; 1992.
7	Asenjo JA. Separation processes in biotechnology: CRC Press; 1990.
8	Harrison R. Protein purification process engineering: CRC Press; 1993.

FISIOLOGI REPRODUKSI ORGANISME AKUATIK
Mata kuliah ini membahas tentang mekanisme dan kontrol poros hipotalamus-hipofisis-gonad pada proses oogenesis, spermatogenesis, vitelogenesis, ovulasi, dan pemijahan pada organisme akuatik yang penting bagi akuakultur, reproduksi secara alami atau buatan, sex reversal, fertilisasi, inkubasi dan penetasan telur, serta manipulasi hormon dan lingkungan untuk produksi benih.
REFERENSI:
1	Bardach JE, Ryther JH and McLarney WO. 1972. Aquaculture, the Farming and Husbandry of Freshwater and Marine Organisms, John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2	Fujaya,Y. 2004. Fisiologi Ikan (Dasar Pengembangan Teknik Perikanan) Rineka cipta Jakarta
3	Granvil, D.T., Joe M.F., Pesca S.A dan Guatemala C.A. 1993. Design, Operation and Training Manual for an Intensive Culture Shrimp Htachery. Texas A&M University Sea Grant Collage Program. Publication TAMU-SG-93-505. ISBN 1-883550-02-5
4	Isnaeni, W., 2006. Fisiologi Hewan. Penerbit Kanisius. Yogyakarta
5	Jhingran, V.G. and R.S.V. Pullin, 1988. A hatchery manual for the common, Chinese and Indian major carps. ICLARM Stud. Rev. 11:191 p
6	Mokoginta I. 1997. Formulasi Pakan Buatan untuk Ikan Laut. Pertemuan Koordinasi dan Pemantapan Rekayasa Teknologi Perbenihan Lintas UPT Dirjen Perikanan. Yogyakarta.
7	Sulmartiwi, L. dan H. Suprapto, S. Andriono, 2016, Buku ajar Fisiologi Hewan air. Fakultas Perikanan dan Kelautan (Volume 1: Nutritif dan Reproduktif), (Volume 2: Fungsi Responsif) PT. revka PetraMedia, Surabaya.
8	Sulmartiwi, L. dan H. Suprapto, S. Andriono, 2017, Buku Penuntun Praktikum Fisiologi Hewan air. Fakultas Perikanan dan Kelautan
9	Tave D. 1993. Genetics for Fish Hatchery Managers. Avi. Publ. Co. Inc. Wesport, Connecticut.
10	Utting, S.D. , Spencer B.E (1991). The Hatchery Culture of Fisheries Research. Lowestoft Laboratory Leaflet. No.68
11	W.S. Hoar & D.J. Randall, 1988. Fish physiology, Academic Press inc. London.
	a. Vol 2. The endocrine system
	b. Vol 6. Environmental relation & behavior
12	Yuwono, Edi dan Purnama Suwardi, 2001. Fisiologi Hewan Air. Jakarta: Sagung Seto.
13	Zonneveld N, Huisman EA dan Boon JH. 1991. Prinsip-Prinsip Budidaya Ikan. Gramedia Pustaka Utama, Jakarta.

AQUATIC ORGANIMS PHYSIOLOGY AND REPRODUCTION
This course discusses the mechanism and control of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad axis in the process of oogenesis, spermatogenesis, vitelogenesis, ovulation, and spawning in aquatic organisms that are important for aquaculture, natural or artificial reproduction, reversal sex, fertilization, incubation and egg incubation, and hormonal and environmental manipulation for seed production.
REFERENCES:
1	Bardach JE, Ryther JH and McLarney WO. 1972. Aquaculture, the Farming and Husbandry of Freshwater and Marine Organisms, John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2	Fujaya,Y. 2004. Fisiologi Ikan (Dasar Pengembangan Teknik Perikanan) Rineka cipta Jakarta
3	Granvil, D.T., Joe M.F., Pesca S.A dan Guatemala C.A. 1993. Design, Operation and Training Manual for an Intensive Culture Shrimp Htachery. Texas A&M University Sea Grant Collage Program. Publication TAMU-SG-93-505. ISBN 1-883550-02-5
4	Isnaeni, W., 2006. Fisiologi Hewan. Penerbit Kanisius. Yogyakarta
5	Jhingran, V.G. and R.S.V. Pullin, 1988. A hatchery manual for the common, Chinese and Indian major carps. ICLARM Stud. Rev. 11:191 p
6	Mokoginta I. 1997. Formulasi Pakan Buatan untuk Ikan Laut. Pertemuan Koordinasi dan Pemantapan Rekayasa Teknologi Perbenihan Lintas UPT Dirjen Perikanan. Yogyakarta.
7	Sulmartiwi, L. dan H. Suprapto, S. Andriono, 2016, Buku ajar Fisiologi Hewan air. Fakultas Perikanan dan Kelautan (Volume 1: Nutritif dan Reproduktif), (Volume 2: Fungsi Responsif) PT. revka PetraMedia, Surabaya.
8	Sulmartiwi, L. dan H. Suprapto, S. Andriono, 2017, Buku Penuntun Praktikum Fisiologi Hewan air. Fakultas Perikanan dan Kelautan
9	Tave D. 1993. Genetics for Fish Hatchery Managers. Avi. Publ. Co. Inc. Wesport, Connecticut.
10	Utting, S.D. , Spencer B.E (1991). The Hatchery Culture of Fisheries Research. Lowestoft Laboratory Leaflet. No.68
11	W.S. Hoar & D.J. Randall, 1988. Fish physiology, Academic Press inc. London.
	a. Vol 2. The endocrine system
	b. Vol 6. Environmental relation & behavior
12	Yuwono, Edi dan Purnama Suwardi, 2001. Fisiologi Hewan Air. Jakarta: Sagung Seto.
13	Zonneveld N, Huisman EA dan Boon JH. 1991. Prinsip-Prinsip Budidaya Ikan. Gramedia Pustaka Utama, Jakarta.